The Evaluasi Sistem Pendidikan Digital melalui Kepemimpinan Adaptif: Tinjauan SLR-PRISMA
A Systematic Literature Review Approach
-
Roza Cyintia Salwa Azhar
*
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta,
Indonesia
- Tri Anasari Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia
- Gustina Anugerahwati Soekarno Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia
- Sumardi Sumardi Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia
- Suranto Suranto Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia (*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Digital transformation has significantly reshaped various aspects of educational management, including the evaluation of education systems. However, many educational institutions continue to face challenges in optimizing the use of digital technologies due to limitations in human resource competencies, organizational readiness, and leadership capacity to manage change effectively. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the role of adaptive leadership in supporting education system evaluation within the context of digital transformation and to identify the factors influencing its effectiveness. This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using the PRISMA framework. Relevant scholarly articles published between 2020 and 2025 were identified through a structured search and selection process. Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 articles were selected for in-depth analysis. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns, trends, and key findings related to adaptive leadership, digital transformation, and educational evaluation. The findings reveal that 24 out of 30 studies emphasized the critical role of adaptive leadership in enhancing organizational flexibility, promoting data-driven decision-making, and fostering technology-based learning innovation. Furthermore, 21 studies reported that digital transformation contributes to more effective educational evaluation through the utilization of information systems and learning analytics. In addition, 18 studies highlighted that the successful implementation of digital transformation is strongly influenced by human resource readiness, organizational culture, and institutional policy support. This study contributes to the literature by providing a comprehensive synthesis of the relationship between adaptive leadership, digital transformation, and education system evaluation, offering insights for policymakers and educational leaders in developing sustainable strategies to improve educational quality in the digital era.
Downloads
References
Al-Kurdi, O. F., El-Haddadeh, R., & Eldabi, T. (2020). The role of organisational climate in managing knowledge sharing among academics in higher education. International Journal of Information Management, 50, 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.05.018
Bond, M. (2020). Facilitating student engagement through the flipped classroom approach in K-12: A systematic review. Educational Technology Research and Development, 68, 2195–2218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09786-7
Bond, M., Bedenlier, S., Marín, V. I., & Händel, M. (2021). Emergency remote teaching in higher education: mapping the first global online semester. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 18(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-021-00282-x
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006a). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006b). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Bush, T. (2020). Theories of educational leadership and management: Adaptive leadership in context. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 48(6), 1003–1010. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143220933902
Chigbu, B. I., & Makapela, S. L. (2025). Data-Driven Leadership in Higher Education: Advancing Sustainable Development Goals and Inclusive Transformation. Sustainability, 17(7), 3116. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17073116
Dexter, S., Richardson, J. W., & Nash, J. (2023). Digital transformation in education: Critical components for leaders of system change. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 8(1), 100479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100479
Edy, S. K., Novaliyosi, N., & Widodo, S. A. (2024). Systematic Literature Review: Implementation of Problem Based Learning (PBL) on Students’ Mathematical Cognitive and Affective Aspects. Jurnal Pendidikan, 13(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.35194/jp.v13i1.3278
Fitriani, M. I. (2023). Adaptive leadership: Concepts, models and their actualisation in educational institutions. El Midad, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.20414/elmidad.v15i1.7115
Fullan, M. (2020). The nature of leadership is changing. European Journal of Education, 55(2), 139–142. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12388
Gardner-McTaggart, A. C. (2022). Educational leadership and global crises; reimagining planetary futures through social practice. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 25(4), 647–663. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2020.1811900
Gigliotti, R. A. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on academic leadership: Opportunities for adaptive leadership. International Journal of Leadership in Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2020.1850774
Huang, J. Y. H., Jiang, R., & Chang, J. Y. T. (2023). The Effects of Transformational and Adaptive Leadership on Dynamic Capabilities: Digital Transformation Projects. Project Management Journal, 54(4), 428–446. https://doi.org/10.1177/87569728231165896
Huda, M., Maseleno, A., & Shahrill, M. (2022). Digital transformation in education: A systematic review. Education and Information Technologies, 27.
Kaur, R., Sharma, P., & Singh, A. (2025). Digital leadership, AI readiness and strategic resource allocation in education: a configurational approach to post-pandemic transformation. International Journal of Educational Management, 39(5), 1105–1119. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-06-2025-0438
Khalifa, B., & Ayoubi, R. M. (2021). Leadership styles at Syrian higher education institutions: What matters for organizational performance? International Journal of Educational Management, 35(2), 331–345. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-03-2020-0142
Kitchenham, B., & Charters, S. (2007). Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering. Keele University and Durham University Joint Report. https://www.elsevier.com/__data/promis_misc/525444systematicreviewsguide.pdf
Kools, M., & Stoll, L. (2016). What Makes a School a Learning Organisation? https://doi.org/10.1787/5jlwm62b3bvh-en
Kools, M., Stoll, L., George, B., Steijn, B., Bekkers, V., & Gouëdard, P. (2020). The school as a learning organisation: The concept and its measurement. European Journal of Education, 55(1), 24–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12383
Mhlanga, D., & Moloi, T. (2020). COVID-19 and the Digital Transformation of Education: What Are We Learning on 4IR in South Africa? Education Sciences, 10(7), 180. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10070180
Müller, S. D., Konzag, H., Nielsen, J. A., & Sandholt, H. B. (2024). Digital transformation leadership competencies: A contingency approach. International Journal of Information Management, 75, 102734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102734
OECD. (2021). Digital Education Outlook 2021: Pushing the Frontiers with AI, Blockchain and Robots. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/education/digital-education-outlook/
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2020). The OECD school as a learning organisation framework. OECD Publishing.
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., & Chou, R. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. International Journal of Surgery, 88, 105906.
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Peterson, A., Dumont, H., Lafuente, M., & Law, N. (2018). Understanding innovative pedagogies. https://doi.org/10.1787/9f843a6e-en
Pratiwi, N., Atmoko, A., Taufiq, A., Faizah, S., & Alfaris, R. (2025). Effective Instructional Strategies for Elementary School Mathematics. Journal of Innovation and Research in Primary Education, 4(2), 380–391. https://doi.org/10.56916/jirpe.v4i2.1420
Rachman, A. M., Iswahyudi Joko Suprayitno, & Prihaswati, M. (2025). Systematic literature review on learning motivation. Sigma: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 17(2), 731–745. https://doi.org/10.26618/gtg6g216
Ringo, S. S. (2025). Systematic Literature Review dengan Metode Prisma: Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi pada Pendidikan Dasar. Jurnal Didaktika Pendidikan Dasar, 9(1), 209–226. https://doi.org/10.26811/didaktika.v9i1.1760
Saputro, A. H., & Santoso, B. (2025). Digital leadership: A Systematic Literature Review Using the PRISMA Method: The Influence of Digital Leadership Across Sectors. JEMSI (Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Dan Akuntansi), 11(4), 2263–2280. https://doi.org/10.35870/jemsi.v11i4.4347
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Teo, T., Sang, G., Mei, B., & Hoi, C. K. W. (2021). Investigating pre-service teachers’ acceptance of Web 2.0 technologies in their future teaching. Educational Technology Research and Development, 69, 235–254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09852-0
Trust, T., Carpenter, J. P., & Krutka, D. G. (2020). Leading by learning: Exploring the professional learning networks of instructional leaders. Educational Media International, 57(2), 102–117. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2020.1744854
Willermark, S., Gellerstedt, M., & Nilsson, P. (2024). Surviving or thriving? Exploring school leaders’ perception of initiated digital transformation. School Leadership & Management, 44(3), 228–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2023.2282618
Williamson, B., Eynon, R., & Potter, J. (2020). Pandemic politics, pedagogies and practices: digital technologies and distance education during the coronavirus emergency. Learning, Media and Technology, 45(2), 107–114. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2020.1761641
Wiraspanggi, E. (2025). Systematic Literature Review Dengan Metode Prisma: Integritas Fungsi Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Sebagai Instrumen Pengambilan Keputusan Organisasi Yang Efektif. Journal of Science Education and Management Business, 4(3), 819–836. https://doi.org/10.62357/joseamb.v4i3.847
Xiao, Y., & Watson, M. (2019). Guidance on Conducting a Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(1), 93–112. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X17723971
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2022). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 19(39). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00309-9
Zhao, Y., & Watterston, J. (2021). The changes we need: Education post COVID-19. Journal of Educational Change, 22(1), 3–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-021-09417-3
Bila bermanfaat silahkan share artikel ini
Berikan Komentar Anda terhadap artikel The Evaluasi Sistem Pendidikan Digital melalui Kepemimpinan Adaptif: Tinjauan SLR-PRISMA
Pages: 294-305
Copyright (c) 2026 Roza Cyintia Salwa Azhar, Tri Anasari, Gustina Anugerahwati Soekarno, Sumardi Sumardi, Suranto Suranto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (Refer to The Effect of Open Access).
