Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Employee Engagement Sebagai Variabel Mediasi (Studi Kasus Pada Lembaga Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia)
-
Hafni Ratna Indah
*
Universitas Terbuka, Jakarta,
Indonesia
- Aryana Satrya Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
- Etty Puji Lestari Universitas Terbuka, Jakarta, Indonesia (*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The National Police Education and Training Institute is a supporting element in the Indonesian National Police whose task is to plan, develop and carry out educational functions in the context of “Creating Tribrata Persons who are moral, professional, modern and superior”. This study aims to determine the effect of organizational culture and work motivation on employee performance with employee engagement as a mediating variable at the Indonesian National Police Education and Training Institute. The population in this study were all personnel of the National Police Education and Training Center and a sample of 202 people was obtained using the slovin formula. Data was collected using a online questionnaire. The data that has been collected is analyzed by path analysis using PLS. The results of data analysis show that: (1) Organizational culture variable has a direct and significant influence on employee performance, (2) Work motivation variable has a direct and significant influence on employee performance, (3) Organizational culture variable has a direct but not significant effect on employee engagement, (4) Variables of work motivation have a direct and significant influence on employee engagement (5) Variables of organizational culture and work motivation have an indirect influence on employee performance with employee engagement as a mediating variable at the National Police Education and Training Institute (6) Variables of employee engagement have an influence on employee performance
Downloads
References
Abu-Jarad, I. Y., Yusof, N. A., & Nikbin, D. (2010). A review paper on organizational culture and organizational performance. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 1(3), 26-46.
Abbas, M. (2017). The effect of organizational culture and leadership style towards employee engagement and their impact towards employee loyalty. Asian Journal of Technology and Management Research (AJTMR), 2249, 0892.
Afkar, M. N., & Sayekti, A. (2020). Influence of organizational culture and work motivation on employee engagement of corporate PT Pertamedika IHC. Kinerja, 24(2), 140-155.
Ahmed, M., & Shafiq, S. (2014). The impact of organizational culture on organizational performance: a case study on telecom sector. Global Journal of Management and Business Research. 14(3), 21-30.
Albrecht, S. L. (Ed.). (2010). New horizons in management. In Handbook of employee engagement: Perspectives, issues, research and practice. New York: Edward Elgar Publishing. 3-19, doi:10.4337/9781849806374.00007
Altindis, S. (2011). Job motivation and organizational commitment among the health professionals: A questionnaire survey. African Journal of Business Management, 5(21), 8601-8609.
Anitha, J. (2014). Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management. 63 (3), 308-323. doi: 10.1108/IJPPM-01-2013-0008
Arianty, N. (2015). Pengaruh budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja pegawai. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen dan Bisnis, 14(2), 20-30.
Armstrong, G. S., Atkin-Plunk, C. A., & Wells, J. (2015). The relationship between work–family conflict, correctional officer job stress, and job satisfaction. Criminal justice and behavior, 42(10), 1066-1082.
Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2020). Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice.
Armstrong, M. (2017). Armstrong on reinventing performance management: Building a culture of continuous improvement. Kogan Page Publishers.
Asiamah, N., Mensah, H. K., & Oteng-Abayie, E. F. (2017). General, target, and accessible population: Demystifying the concepts for effective sampling. The Qualitative Report, 22(6), 1607.
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Verbeke, W. (2004). Using the job demands‐resources model to predict burnout and performance. Human Resource Management: Published in Cooperation with the School of Business Administration, The University of Michigan and in alliance with the Society of Human Resources Management, 43(1), 83-104.
Baron, R.M., & Kenny, D.A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
Bedarkar, M., & Pandita, D. (2014). A study on the drivers of employee engagement impacting employee performance. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 133, 106-115.
Bhardwaj, P. (2019). Types of sampling in research. Journal of the Practice of Cardiovascular Sciences, 5(3), 157.doi: 10.4103/jpcs.jpcs_62_19.
Brundle, C., Heaven, A., Brown, L., Teale, E., Young, J., West, R., & Clegg, A. (2019). Convergent validity of the electronic frailty index. Age and Ageing, 48(1), 152-156.
Carter, W. R., Nesbit, P. L., Badham, R. J., Parker, S. K., & Sung, L. K. (2016). The effects of employee engagement and self-efficacy on job performance: a longitudinal field study. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(17), 2483-2502.
Chen, S. W., & Peng, J. C. (2021). Determinants of frontline employee engagement and their influence on service performance. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(5), 1062-1085.
Crockett, S. A. (2012). A five-step guide to conducting SEM analysis in counseling research. Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation, 3(1), 30-47.
Cooper, C. L. (Ed.). (2015). Wiley encyclopedia of management. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cresswell, J.W. (2017). Research design pendekatan metode kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan campuran, Edisi 4. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Damara, Y., & Indahingwati, A. (2019). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan, disiplin kerja, dan motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan ud maju mapan. Jurnal Ilmu dan Riset Manajemen (JIRM), 8(3).
Danish, R. Q., & Usman, A. (2010). Impact of reward and recognition on job satisfaction and motivation: An empirical study from Pakistan. International journal of business and management, 5(2), 159.
Diamantidis, A. D., & Chatzoglou, P. (2019). Factors affecting employee performance: an empirical approach. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 68(1), 171-193.
Dipboye, R.L. (2018), "Work Motivation", The Emerald Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Emerald Publishing Limited, Bingley, 103-174. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78743-785-220181006.
Disman, Ali, M., & Barliana, S. M. (2017). The use of quantitative research method and statistical data analysis in dissertation: An evaluation study. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 46-52.
Dixit, V., & Bhati, M. (2012). A study about employee commitment and its impact on sustained productivity in Indian auto-component industry. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 1(6), 34-51.
Ferinia, R., Yuniarsi, T., & Disman, H. (2016). Contribution of Employee engagement and Interpersonal Relationship to Improve Employee Performance. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 5(7), 48-60.
Fuadi, S. N., & Setiawati, T. (2019, November). The influence of work motivation, organizational culture, and job engagement on employee performance with organizational commitment. In Proceedings: The International Conference On Technology, Education, And Science, 1 (1), 193-201.
Gopalan, V., Bakar, J. A. A., Zulkifli, A. N., Alwi, A., & Mat, R. C. (2017, October). A review of the motivation theories in learning. In AIP Conference Proceedings, 1891 (1), 020043. AIP Publishing LLC.
Gruman, J. A., & Saks, A. M. (2011). Performance management and employee engagement. Human Resource Management Review, 21(2), 123-136.
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European business review. 31(1), 2-24
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a Silver Bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–152. doi:10.2753/mtp1069-6679190202
Handayani, I. (2012). Pengaruh budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan di pulau umang resort & spa (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia).
Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context. Online readings in psychology and culture, 2(1), 2307-0919.
Hsieh, Y. H., & Chen, H. M. (2011). Strategic fit among business competitive strategy, human resource strategy, and reward system. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 10(2), 11.
Imperatori, B. (2017). Engagement and disengagement at work. Drivers and organizational practices to sustain employee passion and performance. Springer.
Indriyanto, B. (2017). Profesionalisme Anggota Polri dalam Kerangka Kebhinnekaan. Jurnal Ilmu Kepolisian, 11(1), 15.
Inuwa, M. (2016). Job satisfaction and employee performance: An empirical approach. The Millennium University Journal, 1(1), 90-103.
Isa, M. F. M., Ugheoke, S. O., & Noor, W. S. W. M. (2016). The influence of organizational culture on employees’ performance: evidence from Oman. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business, 4(2), 1-12.
Jex, S. M., & Britt, T. W. (2014). Organizational psychology: A scientist-practitioner approach, 3rd Ed. Canada: John Wiley & Sons, INC.
Jiony, M. M., Tanakinjal, G. H., Gom, D., & Siganul, R. S. (2015). Understanding the effect of organizational culture and employee engagement on organizational performance using organizational communication as mediator: a conceptual framework. American Journal of economics, 5(2), 128-134.
Joseph, O. O., & Kibera, F. (2019). Organizational culture and performance: Evidence from microfinance institutions in Kenya. Sage Open, 9(1), 2158244019835934.
Kahn, W. A. (2010). The essence of engagement: Lessons from the field. Handbook of employee engagement: Perspectives, issues, research and practice, 20-30.
Kioko, F. (2018). Effects of Employee motivation on employee performance at Machakos County Government, Kenya. International Academic Journal of Humanities, 5(1), 32-38.
Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C. M., Hildebrandt, V. H., Schaufeli, W. B., de Vet Henrica, C. W., & van der Beek, A. J. (2011). Conceptual frameworks of individual work performance: A systematic review. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 53(8), 856-866.
Korir, I., Kipkebut, D. (2016) The Effect of Reward Management on Employees Commitment in the Universities in Nakuru County-Kenya. Journal of Human Resource Management, 4(4), 37-48. doi: 10.11648/j.jhrm.20160404.12.
Kuswati, Y. (2019). Motivation Role in Improving Work Effectiveness. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 2(4), 281-288 doi: https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v2i4.636
Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia (2015). Rencana Strategi Polri tahun 2015-2019. Jakarta: Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia.
Lembaga Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Polri (2019). Laporan kinerja Satker Lemdiklat Polri tahun 2019. Jakarta: Lembaga Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Polri, 68 hal.
Lembaga Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Polri (2020). Laporan kinerja Biro Kurikulum Lemdiklat Polri tahun 2020. Jakarta: Lembaga Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Polri, 52 hal.
Lembaga Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Polri (2020). Laporan Akuntabilitas Kinerja Biro Kurikulum Lemdiklat Polri Tahun 2020. Jakarta: Lembaga Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Polri
Lu, C. Q., Wang, H. J., Lu, J. J., Du, D. Y., & Bakker, A. B. (2014). Does work engagement increase person–job fit? The role of job crafting and job insecurity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(2), 142-152.
Lunenburg, F. C. (2011). Goal-setting theory of motivation. International journal of management, business, and administration, 15(1), 1-6.
Majid, U. (2018). Research fundamentals: Study design, population, and sample size. Undergraduate research in natural and clinical science and technology journal, 2, 1-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26685/urncst.16.
Mahmoud, A. B., Reisel, W. D., Grigoriou, N., Fuxman, L., & Mohr, I. (2020). The reincarnation of work motivation: Millennials vs older generations. International Sociology, 026858092091297.
Mayastinasari, V., & Earlyanti, N. I. (2019). Strategi pengelolaan kinerja untuk mewujudkan Polri Promoter. Jurnal Ilmu Kepolisian, 13(2), 9.
Motowildo, S. J., Borman, W. C., & Schmit, M. J. (1997). A theory of individual differences in task and contextual performance. Human performance, 10(2), 71-83.
Muijs, D. (2010). Doing quantitative research in education with SPSS. Sage.
Muizu, W. O. Z., Kaltum, U., & Sule, E. T. (2019). Pengaruh kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Perwira-Jurnal Pendidikan Kewirausahaan Indonesia, 2(1), 70-78.
Ng’ang’a, M. J., & Wesonga, J. N. (2012). The impact of organisational culture on performance of educational institutions.
Noe, R. A., Hollenback, J. R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, P. M. (2017). Human resource management: Gaining a competitive advantage, 10. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Osborne, S., & Hammoud, M. S. (2017). Effective employee engagement in the workplace. International Journal of Applied Management and Technology, 16(1), 4.
Ostroff, C., Kinicki, A. J., & Muhammad, R. S. (2012). Organizational culture and climate. Handbook of Psychology, 2 (12).
O'Reilly III, C. A., Chatman, J., & Caldwell, D. F. (1991). People and organizational culture: A profile comparison approach to assessing person-organization fit. Academy of management journal, 34(3), 487-516.
Paais, M., & Pattiruhu, J. R. (2020). Effect of motivation, leadership, and organizational culture on satisfaction and employee performance. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 7(8), 577-588.
Panagiotakopoulos, A. (2013). The impact of employee learning on staff motivation in Greek small firms: The employees’ perspective. Development and Learning in Organisations, 27(2), 13–15.
Pradhan, R. K., & Jena, L. K. (2017). Employee performance at workplace: Conceptual model and empirical validation. Business Perspectives and Research, 5(1), 69-85.
Putra, K.,R.,D., Landra, N., & Kususma, I., G., A., E., T. (2018). The effect of organizational culture and work discipline on employees 'performance with working satisfaction as intervening variables on CV. yamaha waja motor Denpasar. RA Journal of Applied Research, 04 (08), 1955-1964.
Rachmat, A. B. G., Noermijati, N., & Sudjatno, S. (2019). The effect of work environment and organizational culture on employee performance mediated by work motivation (Study on operational field employee of PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Provinsi Jawa Timur Tbk). MEC-J (Management and Economics Journal), 3(1), 55-66.
Ramayah, T., Cheah, J., Chuah, F., Ting, H., & Memon, M. A. (2018). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 3.0: An updated guide and practical guide to statistical analysis, 2. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Pearson.
Reina-Tamayo, A. M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2018). The work engagement–performance link: An episodic perspective. Career Development International, 23(5), 478-496.
Rita, M., Randa Payangan, O., Rante, Y., Tuhumena, R. and Erari, A. (2018), "Moderating effect of organizational citizenship behavior on the effect of organizational commitment, transformational leadership and work motivation on employee performance", International Journal of Law and Management, 60(4), 953-964. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-03-2017-0026.
Sabu, V. G., & Manoj, M. (2020). The effect of employee desire and employee engagement on organizational performance: Evidence from ICT Sector in Kerala, India. Management and Labour Studies, 45(4), 500-518.
Saleem, Z., Shenbei, Z., & Hanif, A. M. (2020). Workplace violence and employee engagement: the mediating role of work environment and organizational culture. SAGE Open, 10(2), 2158244020935885.
Sarker, M. N. I., Wu, M., & Hossin, M. A. (2018, May). Smart governance through bigdata: Digital transformation of public agencies. In 2018 international conference on artificial intelligence and big data (ICAIBD) 62-70. IEEE.
Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness studies, 3(1), 71-92.
Schneider, B., Ehrhart, M. G., & Macey, W. H. (2013). Organizational climate and culture. Annual review of psychology, 64, 361-388.
Sanjaya, H. Ghozali, I.(2016). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariete dengan Program IBM SPSS 23 (VIII). Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Shahzad, F., Luqman, R. A., Khan, A. R., & Shabbir, L. (2012). Impact of organizational culture on organizational performance: An overview. Interdisciplinary journal of contemporary research in business.
Shahzadi, I., Javed, A., Pirzada, S. S., Nasreen, S., & Khanam, F. (2014). Impact of employee motivation on employee performance. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(23), 159-166.
Shields, J. (2016). Managing employee performance and reward: Concepts, practices and strategies, 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Singh, R. (2016). The impact of intrinsic and extrinsic motivators on employee engagement in information organizations. Journal of Education for Library and Information Science, 57(2), 197-206.
Slimane, N. S. B. (2017). Motivation and Job Satisfaction of Pharmacists in Four Hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Health Management, 19(1), 39–72. doi:10.1177/0972063416682559
Sloman, K. N. (2010). Research trends in descriptive analysis. The Behavior Analyst Today, 11(1), 20.
Shuck, B., Ghosh, R., Zigarmi, D., & Nimon, K. (2013). The jingle jangle of employee engagement: Further exploration of the emerging construct and implications for workplace learning and performance. Human Resource Development Review, 12(1), 11-35.
Susanto, A.C.D. (2018). Program promoter kapolri dalam rangka mewujudkan profesionalisme polri. Jurnal Ilmu Kepolisian. 12(1), 36-45.
Sutrisno, H. E. (2010). Pengaruh budaya organisasi, stres kerja dan komitmen terhadap kinerja karyawan CV. Bintang karya putra di Surabaya. Ekuitas (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan), 14(4), 460-477.
Talebzadeh, N., & Karatepe, O. M. (2019). Work social support, work engagement and their impacts on multiple performance outcomes. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 69(6), 1227-1245.
Tejada, J.J., & Punzalan, J.R.B. (2012). On the misuse of slovin’s formula. The Philippine Statistician, 61(1), 129-136.
Thakur, R., & Sharma, D. (2019). A study of impact of quality of work life on work performance. Management and Labour Studies, 44(3), 326-344.
Thirupathi, R. M., & Vinodh, S. (2016). Application of interpretive structural modelling and structural equation modelling for analysis of sustainable manufacturing factors in Indian automotive component sector. International Journal of Production Research, 54(22), 6661-6682.
Turner, D. P. (2020). Sampling Methods in Research Design. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 60(1), 8–12. doi:10.1111/head.13707.
Turner, P. (2019). Employee engagement in contemporary organizations: Maintaining high productivity and sustained competitiveness. Springer Nature.
Umar, H. S. I., & Madugu, U. (2015). The imperative of population sampling in social research. Global Journal of Political Science and Administration, 3(3), 49-57.
Undang-undang Nomor 02 Tahun 2002 tentang Kepolisian Republik Indonesia
Usman, K. (2019). Impact of organizational culture, organizational communication and supervisor support on the job satisfaction of employees working in online IT based distance learning institutions of Pakistan. Open Praxis, 11(2), 143-156.
Van den Broeck, A., Carpini, J., Leroy, H., & Diefendorff, J. M. (2017). 19 How Much Effort Will I Put into My Work? It Depends on Your Type of Motivation. An introduction to work and organizational psychology: An international perspective, 354.
Van Dooren, W., Bouckaert, G., & Halligan, J. (2015). Performance management in the public sector. New York, NY: Routledge.
Viswesvaran, C., & Ones, D. S. (2000). Perspectives on models of job performance. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 8(4), 216-226.
Whittington, J. L., Meskelis, S., Asare, E., & Beldona, S. (2017). Enhancing employee engagement. An evidence-based approach. Palgrave Macmillan.
Widiastuti, N., & Naryoso, A. (2019). Implementasi “Promoter” sebagai Strategi Pembangunan Reputasi Polri di Level Kepolisian Daerah. Interaksi Online, 7(2), 1-12.
Wu, M. S. (2019). Information literacy, creativity and work performance. Information Development, 35(5), 676-687.
Yang, F. (2011). Work, motivation and personal characteristics: an in‐depth study of six organizations in Ningbo. Chinese Management Studies, 5(3), 272–297. doi:10.1108/17506141111163363.
Durdyev, S., Hosseini, M. R., Martek, I., Ismail, S., & Arashpour, M. (2019). Barriers to the use of integrated project delivery (IPD): a quantified model for Malaysia. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management.
Bila bermanfaat silahkan share artikel ini
Berikan Komentar Anda terhadap artikel Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Employee Engagement Sebagai Variabel Mediasi (Studi Kasus Pada Lembaga Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia)
Pages: 350−361
Copyright (c) 2022 Hafni Ratna Indah, Aryana Satrya, Etty Puji Lestari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (Refer to The Effect of Open Access).
