The Impact of Load Unbalance on Neutral Conductors Losses and Transformer Efficiency
-
Reza Sarwo Widagdo
*
University of 17 August 1945 Surabaya, Surabaya,
Indonesia
- Giovanni Dimas Prenata University of 17 August 1945 Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Syah Achmad Amar Rafli University of 17 August 1945 Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia (*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The transformer is a crucial component in the electrical energy distribution system. Therefore, strict supervision is necessary to ensure that the electricity supply network is maintained and safe during operational processes. This research aims to measure the transformer load installed at PT. Sunrise Steel to determine the values of loading, imbalance, power losses, and efficiency of the loaded transformers. This measurement is important to ensure that the values resulting from operational processes do not exceed predetermined limits. Observations over 10 days show that the peak load value during operational time is 66.08%, which can still be categorized as quite good. The load imbalance reached a maximum value of 10.13%, which is categorized as poor since SPLN regulations state that a good imbalance should be below 10%. The percentage of power loss has a maximum value of 0.33%, and the best transformer efficiency reaches 97.17%, which is the highest efficiency value considering several other loss parameters.
Downloads
References
Widagdo, R. S. W., Budiono, G., & Novianto, M. I. (2023). Analysis of Capasitor Bank Installation for Power Quality Improvement at PT. Sunrise Steel. Wahana, 75(2), 60-72.
Widagdo, R. S., & Andriawan, A. H. (2023). Analysis of Losses Due to Load Unbalance in a 2000 kVA Transformer at Supermall Mansion 2 Tower Tanglin Surabaya. Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research, 5(2), 78-84.
Widagdo, R. S., & Andriawan, A. H. (2023). Prediction of Age Loss on 160 KVA Transformer PT. PLN ULP Kenjeran Surabaya using The Linear Regression Method. Jurnal Riset Rekayasa Elektro, 5(2), 83-92.
Widagdo, R. S., Slamet, P., Andriawan, A. H., Hariadi, B., Wardah, I. A., & Hartono, E. D. (2024). Assessment of Power System Equipment to Enhance the Power Quality at Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital Malang. BERNAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 5(2), 1596-1604.
G. S. Wicaksono and T. Wrahatnolo, “Evaluasi Ketidakseimbangan Beban pada GTT 20kV di Penyulang Plumbungan Surabaya,” JJEEE (Jambura J. Electr. Electron. Eng., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 172–178, 2023.
R. Afrianda, S. Samsurizal, and A. A. Nurul, “Pengaruh Ketidakseimbangan Beban Terhadap Efesiensi Transformator Distribusi Studi Gardu PT PLN (PERSERO) Area Bekasi,” Sutet, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 29–38, 2021, doi: 10.33322/sutet.v10i1.1277.
R. Ruliyanto, “Pengaruh Ketidakseimbangan Beban Terhadap Arus Netral dan Arus Ground pada Trafo 1 dan Trafo 2 pada Beban Puncak Sesaat,” J. Ilm. Giga, vol. 23, no. 1, p. 27, 2020, doi: 10.47313/jig.v23i1.867.
Muliadi, Syukri, T. M. Asyadi, and A. Salim, “Analisa Pengaruh Ketidakseimbangan Beban Pada Trafo Distribusi Penyulang Mibo Rayon Merduati,” Aceh J. Electr. …, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 7–12, 2022.
R. Khomarudin and L. Subekti, “Analisis Pengaruh Ketidakseimbangan Beban dan Harmonisa Terhadap Arus Netral Pada Trafo Distribusi 8 Kapasitas 500 KVA di PPSDM Migas Cepu,” J. List. Instrumentasi dan Elektron. Terap., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 28–33, 2021, doi: 10.22146/juliet.v1i2.59560.
M. A. Maulana and G. Budiono, “Analisis Pengaruh Ketidakseimbangan Beban Terhadap Efisiensi Transformator di PDAM Surya Sembada Surabaya,” Tek. Elektro dan Inform., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 243–259, 2024.
I. G. Budiyasa, I. W. Artha Wijaya, and T. G. Indra Partha, “Rugi – Rugi Daya Akibat Pengaruh Ketidak Seimbangan Beban Terhadap Arus Netral Pada Efektifitas Penggunaan Daya Terpasang,” J. SPEKTRUM, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 260, 2021, doi: 10.24843/spektrum.2021.v08.i01.p29.
Z. Pelawi, K. Kunci, K. Beban, R.-R. Daya, and A. Netral, “Analisis Rugi-Rugi Daya Pada Penghantar Netral Jaringan Distribusi Sekunder Akibat Ketidakseimbangan Beban,” Cetak) Bul. Utama Tek., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 1410–4520, 2018.
Muflizar A. R., Rudito H., and Idris A. R., “Analisis Pengaruh Ketidakseimbangan Beban Terhadap RugiRugi Daya dan Arus Netral di Baloiya Kepulauan Selayar serta Dampaknya Terhadap Pelanggan Distribusi,” Pros. Semin. Nas. Tek. Elektro dan Inform., no. September, pp. 24–28, 2021.
C. S. Tu and M. T. Tsai, “Optimal phase arrangement of distribution transformers for system unbalance improvement and loss reduction,” Energies, vol. 13, no. 3, 2020, doi: 10.3390/en13030554.
Mulyadi, M. Mubarokh, A. Hafid, and A. Faharuddin, “Analisis Transformator Distribusi 160 KVA Di PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Panakkukang Berdasarkan Nameplate,” SIBERNETIK J. Pendidik. dan Pembelajaran, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 146–157, 2023, doi: 10.59632/sjpp.v1i1.185.
J. Pan, J. Liu, X. Chen, and K. Zhong, “Three-phase unbalanced load control based on load–electricity transfer index,” Energy Reports, vol. 7, pp. 312–318, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2021.01.064.
B. Pan, Y. Zhang, X. Gui, Y. Wan, and G. Wang, “Analysis and Research of Three-phase Unbalance in Distribution Transformers,” IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 252, no. 3, 2019, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/252/3/032196.
A. G. Hutajulu and M. A. Wicaksono, “Analisa Ketidakseimbangan Beban Terhadap Arus Netral Dan Susut Daya Pada Transformator Distribusi Di PT PLN UP3 Semarang,” Proceeding Technol. Renew. Energy Dev. Conf., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 31–40, 2023, [Online]. Available: https://www.jurnalftijayabaya.ac.id/index.php/TREnD/article/view/244
V. Dovgun, S. Temerbaev, M. Chernyshov, V. Novikov, N. Boyarskaya, and E. Gracheva, “Distributed power quality conditioning system for three-phase four-wire low voltage networks,” Energies, vol. 13, no. 18, pp. 1–19, 2020, doi: 10.3390/en13184915.
J. Chen, R. Zhu, I. Ibrahim, T. O’Donnell, and M. Liserre, “Neutral Current Optimization Control for Smart Transformer-Fed Distribution System under Unbalanced Loads,” IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Top. Power Electron., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 1696–1707, 2021, doi: 10.1109/JESTPE.2020.2993927.
R. Carmona-Pardo, Á. Rodríguez del Nozal, and E. Romero-Ramos, “A neural network-based classifier for identifying and locating neutral wire breaks in low voltage distribution networks,” Electr. Power Syst. Res., vol. 234, no. September 2023, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2024.110707.
N. X. Cuong, L. A. Tuan, and Y. Do Nhu, “Effect of Voltage Unbalances on the Performance of a Three-phase Transformer,” IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 1111, no. 1, pp. 0–7, 2022, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1111/1/012050.
V. S. Klimash and B. D. Tabarov, “Improving the Efficiency of Transformer Substations with Unbalanced Load Schedule,” 2020 Int. Multi-Conference Ind. Eng. Mod. Technol. FarEastCon 2020, pp. 28–31, 2020, doi: 10.1109/FarEastCon50210.2020.9271511.
Bila bermanfaat silahkan share artikel ini
Berikan Komentar Anda terhadap artikel The Impact of Load Unbalance on Neutral Conductors Losses and Transformer Efficiency
Pages: 37-45
Copyright (c) 2024 Reza Sarwo Widagdo, Giovanni Dimas Prenata
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (Refer to The Effect of Open Access).
